Early Modern Age
View our general reading list and learn more about the period 1492-1815 in the field of History of international law.
Akashi, Kinji and Cornelius van Bynkershoek
- His Role in the History of International Law (The Hague, London and Boston: Kluwer Law International 1998).
Alexandrowicz, Charles Henry
- ‘The Afro-Asian World and the Law of Nations (Historical Approach)’, Recueil des Cours de l’Académie de Droit International, 123 (1968) 117-214.
Beaulac, Stéphane
- ‘The Westphalian Legal Orthodoxy – Myth or Reality?’, Journal of the History of International Law, 2 (2000) 146-77.
Bélissa, Marc
- Fraternité universelle et intérêt national (1713-1795). Les cosmopolitiques du droit des gens (Paris: Editions Kimé 1998).
Brett, Annabel S.
- Changes of State. Nature and the Limits of the City in Early Modern Natural Law (Princeton UP 2011).
Dhondt, Frederik
- From Contract to Treaty. The Legal Transformation of the Spanish Succession 1659-1713’, Journal of the History of International Law, 13 (2011) 347-75.
- Balance of Power and Norm Hierarchy. Franco-British Diplomacy after the Peace of Utrecht (Brill 2015).
Haggenmacher, Peter
- Grotius et la doctrine de la guerre juste (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France 1983).
- ‘Grotius and Gentili: A Reassessment of Thomas E. Holland’s Inaugural Lecture’ in in Hedly Bull, Benedict Kingsbury and Adam Roberts (eds.), Hugo Grotius and International Relations (Oxford: Clarendon Press 1990) 133-76.
- ‘On the Doctrinal Origins of Ius in Bello: From Rights of War to the Laws of War’ in Thilo Marauhn and Heinhard Steiger (eds.), Universality and Continuity in International Law (The Hague: Eleven International Publishing 2011) 325-58.
Hanke, Lewis
- The Spanish Struggle for Justice in the Conquest of America (2nd edn., Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press 2002)
Herzog, Tamar
- Frontiers of Possession. Spain and Portugal in Europe and the Americas (Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press 2015).
Haakonssen, Knud, and Ian Hunter (eds.)
- The Cambridge Companion to Pufendorf (Cambridge UP 2022).
Hunter, Ian
- ‘Vattel’s Law of Nations: Diplomatic Casuistry for the Protestant Nation’, Grotiana, NS 31 (2010) 108-40.
Jouannet, Emmanuelle
- Emer de Vattel et l’émergence doctrinale du droit international classique (Paris: Pédone 1998).
Klesmann, Bernd
- Bellum Solemne. Formen und Funktionen europäischer Kriegserklärungen des 17. Jahrhunderts (Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern 2007).
Kolla, Edward J.
- Sovereignty, International Law, and the French Revolution (Cambridge UP 2017).
Koskenniemi, Martti
- ‘The Advantage of Treaties. International Law in the Enlightenment’, Edinburgh Law Review, 13 (2009) 27-67.
- ‘Transformations of Natural Law: Germany 1648-1815’, in Anne Orford and Florian Hoffmann (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the Theory of International Law (Oxford UP 2016) 59-81.
- ‘Empire and International Law: The Real Spanish Contribution’, University of Toronto Journal, 61 (2011) 1-36.
- To the Uttermost Parts of the Earth. Legal Imagination and International Order, 1300-1870 (Cambridge UP 2021).
Kubben, Raymond
- Regeneration and Hegemony. Franco-Batavian Relations in the Revolutionary Era, 1795-1803 (Leiden and Boston: Martinus Nijhoff 2011).
Lesaffer, Randall
- The Westphalia Peace Treaties and the Development of the Tradition of Great European Peace Settlements Prior to 1648’, Grotiana, NS 18 (1997) 71-95.
- ‘The Classical Law of Nations (1500-1800)’ in Alexander Orakhelashvili (ed.), Research Handbook on the Theory and History of International Law (Cheltenham and Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar 2011) 408-40.
- ‘The Nature of Europe’s Classical Law of Nations’, in Samatha Besson and Jean d’Aspremont (eds.), The Oxford Handbook on the Sources of International Law (Oxford UP 2017) 99-117.
Lingens, Karl-Heinz
- Internationale Schiedsgerichtbarkeit und Jus Publicum Europaeum: 1649-1794 (Berlin: Duncker & Humblott 1988).
Longfield Karr, Susan
- Jus gentium in Humanist Jurisprudence: On Justice and Right (Brill 2022).
Musa, Shavana
- Victim Reparation under the Ius Post Bellum. An Historical and Normative Perspective (Cambridge UP 2019).
Nellen, Henk
- Hugo Grotius. A Lifelong Struggle for Peace in Church and State, 1583-1645 (Leiden and Boston: Brill 2014).
Nijman, Janne
- ‘Images of Grotius, or the International Rule of Law beyond Historical Oscillation’, Journal of the History of International Law, 17 (2015) 83-137.
Pagden, Anthoy
- Lords of All the World. Ideologies of Empire in Spain, Britain and France c. 1500- c. 1800 (New Haven and London: Yale University Press 1995).
Piirimäe, Pärtel
- ‘Just War in Theory and Practice: The Legitimation of Swedish Intervention in the Thirty Years War’, Historical Journal, 45 (2002) 499-523.
Pitts, Jennifer
- Boundaries of the International. Law and Empire (Harvard UP 2018).
Rech, Walter
- Enemies of Mankind. Vattel’s Theory of Collective Security (Leiden and Boston: Martinus Nijhoff 2013).
Roelofsen, Cornelis, G.
- ‘Grotius and the International Politics of the Seventeenth Century’, in Hedly Bull, Benedict Kingsbury and Adam Roberts (eds.), Hugo Grotius and International Relations (Oxford: Clarendon Press 1990) 95-131.
Schnakenbourg, Eric
- Entre la guerre et la paix. Neutalité et relations internationales XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles (Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes 2013).
Schroeder, Peter (ed.)
- Concepts and Contexts of Vattel's Political and Legal Thought (Cambridge UP 2021).
Scott, James Brown
- The Spanish Origin of International Law. Francisco de Vitoria and his Law of Nations (Oxford/London: Clarendon Press/Humphrey Milford 1934).
Schwartz, Daniel
- The Political Morality of the Late Scholastics. Civic Life, War and Conscience (Cambridge UP 2021).
Somos, Mark
- ‘Selden’s Mare Clausum. The Secularisation of International Law and the Rise of Soft Imperialism’, Journal of the History of International Law, 14 (2012) 287-330.
Steiger, Heinhard
- ‘Der Westfälischen Frieden – Grundgesetz für Europa?’ in Hein Duchhardt (ed.), Der Westfälische Friede. Diplomatie, politische Zäsur, kulturelles Umfeld, Rezeptionsgeschichte (Munich: Oldenbourg 1998) 33-80.
Straumann, Benjamin
- Roman Law in the State of Nature. The Classical Foundations of Hugo Grotius’ Natural Law (Cambridge UP 2015).
Tischer, Anuschka
- Anuschka Tischer, Offizielle Kriegsbegründungen in der frühen Neuzeit. Herrscherkommunikation in Europa zwischen Souveränität und korporativem Selbstverständnis (Berlin: Lit Verlag 2012).
Tuck, Richard
- The Rights of War and Peace. Political Thought and International Order from Grotius to Kant (Oxford UP 1999).
Tuori, Kaius
- ‘Alberico Gentili and the Criticism of Expansion in the Roman Empire. The Invader’s Remorse’, Journal of the History of International Law, 11 (2009) 205-220.
Vadi, Valentina
- War and Peace. Alberico Gentili and the Early Modern Law of Nations (Leiden and Boston: Brill/Nijhoff 2020).
Van Ittersum, Martine Julia
- Profit and Principle. Hugo Grotius, Natural Rights Theories and the Rise of the Dutch Power in the East Indies (1595-1615) (Leiden and Boston: Brill 2006).
Vergerio, Claire
- War, States and International Order. Alberico Gentili and the Foundational Myth of the Laws of War (Cambridge UP).
Wijfels, Alain
- ‘Early-Modern Scholarship of International Law’ in Alexander Orakhelashvili (ed.), Research Handbook on the Theory and History of International Law (Cheltenham and Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar 2011) 23-60.
Whitman, James Q.
- The Verdict of Battle. The Law of Victory and the Making of War (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press 2012).
Ziegler, Karl-Heinz
- ‘The Peace Treaties of the Ottoman Empire with European Christian Powers’ in Randall Lesaffer (ed.), Peace Treaties and International Law in European History: From the End of the Middle Ages to World War I (Cambridge UP 2004) 338-364.